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October 23, 2023 by Nukewatch Leave a Comment

Federal Appeals Court Strikes Down NRC License for Parking Lot Dump

Photo Credit: News West 9
By Lindsay Potter

The Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled August 25, that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) does not have authority to license temporary storage facilities for irradiated nuclear fuel away from a reactor.

The court wrote: “Nuclear power generation produces thousands of metric tons of nuclear waste each year. … Congress has mandated that such waste be permanently stored in a geologic repository. But the development, licensing, and construction of that repository has stalled.”

The NRC issued a license to Interim Storage Partners, LLC for the construction and operation of a consolidated interim storage facility (CISF) for waste nuclear fuel on the Permian Basin in Andrews County, Texas. Oil and gas extraction company Fasken Land and Minerals, Ltd., along with the Permian Basin Land and Royalty Owners and the state of Texas, filed the appeal. The now-vacated license, issued in 2021, authorized storage of 5,000 tons of waste reactor fuel for 40 years, with a planned expansion up to 40,000 tons over 20 years. In 2022, Texas lawmakers passed a bill blocking any new storage facilities for such high-level radioactive waste.

The Tenth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is currently considering a challenge to the 40-year license the NRC issued in May to Holtec International to build and operate a CISF for 500 canisters, or 8,680 tons of waste fuel near Carlsbad, New Mexico, with an anticipated increase up to 10,000 canisters over the next 20 years.

— World Nuclear News, Aug. 30; Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals Ruling No. 21-60743, Aug. 25, 2023

Filed Under: Environment, Newsletter Archives, Nuclear Power, On The Bright Side, Quarterly Newsletter, Radioactive Waste

October 23, 2023 by Nukewatch Leave a Comment

Two Holtec Radioactive Waste Dumps Thwarted

Photo Credit: The Patriot Ledger
By Matthew Jahnke

Two recent efforts to dump liquid radioactive waste from decommissioned nuclear power reactors into adjacent waters have been stopped. On July 24, the shuttered Pilgrim Nuclear near Plymouth, Massachusetts — a General Electric Mark I reactor like the Fukushima meltdowns — was prohibited from discharging water into Cape Cod Bay under the state’s Ocean Sanctuaries Act. The act prohibits the “dumping or discharge of commercial, municipal, domestic, or industrial waste” into protected areas. For years, local activists, environmentalists, the fishing community, State Senator Susan Moran, and others have worked to halt owner Holtec International’s planned dumping of some 1.1 million gallons of radioactively contaminated water.

Likewise, Indian Point station, a three-reactor complex near Buchanan, New York, was also prevented from dumping an estimated one million gallons of radioactive water into the Hudson River when a state prohibition was signed into law by Governor Kathy Hochul on August 18. Holtec, which also owns Indian Point, continues to assert that the release of water would not be harmful to public health. For now, the bill requires the wastewater to remain stored at the 240-acre site in Buchanan.

— WBUR, Mass. Pub. Radio, July 24; Patriot Ledger, July 25; Gov. Hochul press release, ny.gov; and Journal News, lohud.com; Aug. 18, 2023

Filed Under: Environment, Newsletter Archives, Nuclear Power, On The Bright Side, Quarterly Newsletter, Radioactive Waste

August 24, 2023 by Nukewatch 1 Comment

Tepco’s License to Kill: Japan’s Dispersal of Radioactive Waste — No Accident Anymore

South Korean protesters lampooned Japanese authorities who said you could drink the 1.37 million tonnes of radioactive wastewater they began pumping into the Pacific Ocean Aug. 24.

 

By John LaForge

Japan is set to start pumping millions of gallons of radioactive waste into the Pacific Ocean on Thurs., August 24, from Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s (Tepco’s) devastated triple reactor meltdown site at Fukushima.

This deliberate contamination of the public commons — no accident this time — is a license to kill, a criminally reckless endangerment of sea life and the food web. Yet the 1992 ban on ocean dumping of radioactive waste applies only to barrels thrown from ships, not liquids sent into the sea through pipes. Further, the Law of the Sea allows victims to bring legal action only after an alleged harm has occurred, and then puts the burden of proof on victims to show that their illness(es) were caused by a particular radioactive poison.

The nuclear industry and its government protectors run this game of radioactive waste dispersal using bailouts, bribes, and the lengthy “latency period” — the time between one’s radioactive contamination and the appearance of cancer, heart disease, etc. — which produces radiation victims years or decades after the “Fuku sushi” they ate. The nuclear industry has always depended on the fact that its chance of losing a radiation damage lawsuit is somewhere between a slim one and a fat one.

The catastrophic Fukushima earthquake-tsunami-meltdown-cubed has forced Tepco’s overseers of the three ferociously radioactive masses of melted uranium/plutonium fuel, or “corium,” to continuously pour cold water on to the unapproachable wreckage. Combined with rivers of groundwater that gushes through quake-smashed cracks in reactor foundation, the water becomes poisoned with radioactive uranium, cobalt, strontium, cesium, plutonium, and more. The failed Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS) has not removed these or other deadly isotopes from the wastewater now stored onshore in giant tanks. The New York Times reported Aug. 21 that, “According to Tepco’s website, just 30 percent of the approximately 473,000 tons of water in the tanks have been fully treated to the point that only tritium remains.”

Spewing radioactivity is standard industry practice

It’s no surprise that reactor-friendly governments and the International Atomic Energy Agency (whose mission is to promote nuclear reactor proliferation and to lie about radiation risks), have given Japan’s oceanic pollution scheme their seal of approval. All of them have repeatedly declared that dumping radioactive wastes into public water bodies is ordinary industrial practice and legal around the world. With straight faces, the authorities chant in unison that reactor operations contaminate the environment with radioactive liquids all day, every day, and this is somehow intended to demonstrate that such contamination is natural and danger “negligible.”

At La Hague, France and at Sellafield, England, giant reactor waste complexes process waste fuel rods, producing billions of gallons of highly radioactive liquids, and for decades the carcinogenic offal has been pumped directly into the North Sea (by France) and the Irish Sea (by England). Dr. Chris Busby, scientific secretary of the European Committee on Radiation Risk which studied internal radiation contamination, has found cancer clusters among children along the Irish seacoast — likely caused by internal exposure to Sellafield’s radioactive emissions.

Scientists, ecologists, medical authorities, environmentalists, historians, and oceanographers have repeatedly pointed out that there are practical alternatives to the dumping, and that nothing positive can result from adding radioactive pollution to the environment and the food web. The British Medical Journal only last week published the latest in a long series of studies [1] that have found again and again that exposure to low levels of radiation is more harmful than scientists previously thought. [2]

The Japanese government and Tepco hope that their global dispersal of reactor disaster waste will save the industry enough money that it can stay afloat against the astronomical costs of post-Fukushima liability and disaster response. But like the plague of mass shootings in the United States, Thursday’s start of Japan’s globalized pollution solution raises the chaos and deadliness of reactor operations to new heights, while the authorities claim from their bribery zones that nothing can be done about either hand guns or nuclear reactors.

Notes

[1] British Medical Journal, Aug. 16, 2023, study finds the risk of cancer death after exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation underestimated.

[2] “Ionising radiation and risk of death from leukaemia and lymphoma in radiation-monitored workers,” The Lancet, July 7, 2015; “Even low-level radioactivity is damaging, scientists conclude,” Science Daily, Nov. 13, 2012; “With New Data, a Debate on Low-Level Radiation,” New York Times, July 19, 2005; “Epidemiology: Russian Cancer Study Adds to the Indictment of Low-Dose Radiation,” Science, Nov. 11, 2005; “Study: No Radiation Level Safe,” Associated Press, June 29, 2005; “No dose too low,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Nov/Dec. 1997;  “Study: Even Low-Dose Radiation is Dangerous,” Reuters, Oct. 9, 1997; “Radiation health effects understated, study shows,” AP, Minneapolis Star-Tribune, July 25, 1995; “Researcher discovers greater radiation risk,” AP, Milwaukee Journal, Dec. 9, 1992; “Radiation risks may be more than believed,” Los Angeles Times, March 20, 1991; “International Panel Urges Cut In Allowable Radiation Dose,” New York Times, June 23, 1990; “Higher Cancer Risk Found in Low-Level Radiation,” New York Times, Dec. 20, 1989; “No Safe Radiation,” Scientific American, August 1958.

–John LaForge is a co-director of Nukewatch and a regular contributor to CounterPunch and PeaceVoice.

 

 

Filed Under: Environment, Environmental Justice, Fukushima, Nuclear Power, Radiation Exposure, Radioactive Waste, Weekly Column

July 31, 2023 by Nukewatch 1 Comment

Leaks at Minnesota Reactor

By North American Water Office
Photo Credit: Mar 17, 2023 Valley News KVLY

Events having the potential to affect public health and safety are occurring at Xcel Energy’s Monticello single nuclear power reactor, about 35 miles up the Mississippi River from Minneapolis. Primary cooling water containing tritium (radioactive hydrogen) has been leaking into the ground at least since last November.

Xcel Energy and the Minnesota Department of Health didn’t bother to report the Monticello leak of about 400,000 gallons until mid-March, and then announced, with much fanfare, that there is no risk to public health and safety and that the leak had not reached the Mississippi River. Then, a few days later Xcel Energy announced a second leak of several hundred gallons because the tank into which contaminated water had been collected overflowed. Not bad, for a clown show.

While state and corporate officials say not to worry, the problem is that these same people fail to consider the authority of the National Academy of Sciences in its 2006 report BEIR VII — the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation. The book-length BEIR VII conclusively reported that there is no safe dose of ionizing radiation, no level of exposure that can be declared harmless. Every exposure, no matter how small, carries a potential for causing cancers and other mutations.

Considering that the radioactive half-life of tritium is just over 12 years, and that it takes about 10 half-lives before a radioactive substance becomes relatively benign biologically, it is probably premature to speculate about public health and safety impacts. In fact, there are three pathways for leaked radiation to affect the public: it can migrate to the river, which supplies most of the drinking water for Minneapolis; it can migrate into groundwater off-site, where it becomes available for private and municipal water pumps; and it can evaporate. There is no doubt that during the next 120 years, some fraction of the leakage will follow each of these pathways and then affect biological activity. Of course, nobody will ever know how much contamination went where, or know what it did when it got there, because radiation monitoring at Monticello, as well as at the rest of the global commercial nuclear fleet, is mostly incapable of detecting radiation in any of these pathways. It makes better PR to just say there is no threat to public health and safety.

This Monticello pipe leak could be an omen of things to come. The leak occurred because a pipe carrying primary cooling water broke. Primary cooling water circulates through the reactor and thereby becomes radioactive. This radioactivity bombards the pipe through which it flowed with neutrons, and over time, this neutron bombardment causes metals to get brittle. Arguably, the pipe broke because it had become embrittled and something jarred it. The problem here – as with all nuclear reactors — is that every bit of metal at Monticello that is part of the primary system, which contains and controls the nuclear reaction, has also been subjected to this same neutron bombardment. All these metals are at some elevated state of embrittlement, now that the reactor is over 50 years old. As a result, we all now get to sit around and wait to see which components will be next in line to brake, and what the consequences of that breakage will be. That could get real exciting very quickly.

— Additional news on Minnesota reactor troubles can be found at Water for Life, the newsletter of the North American Water Office (nawo.org)

Filed Under: Environment, Newsletter Archives, Nuclear Power, Protect the Water Close Xcel's Monticello Reactor, Quarterly Newsletter, Radioactive Waste, Uncategorized

July 31, 2023 by Nukewatch Leave a Comment

Stop Holtec’s Radioactive Wastewater Dump

By Mari Inoue

Holtec International wants to dump radioactive wastewater from decommissioning nuclear facilities. People and elected officials are fighting back to halt such outrageous, unilateral plans.

Photo Credit: Alamy

Founded in 1986 in New Jersey by Kris Singh, Holtec manufactures dry storage and transport casks for highly radioactive spent nuclear fuel waste from reactors. The company also built the Central Spent Fuel Storage Facility inside the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in 2021 for Energoatom, Ukraine’s national nuclear energy company. Its wholly-owned subsidiary, Holtec Decommissioning International, provides dismantling work for Holtec nuclear power reactors, including Indian Point on the Hudson River, 24 miles north of New York City, and Pilgrim Nuclear Station on Cape Cod Bay in Massachusetts.

 

On February 2, 2023, at a public forum of the Indian Point Decommissioning Oversight Board (DOB), Holtec announced its plans to dump highly radioactive wastewater from Indian Point’s fuel cooling pools into the Hudson River. On April 27, 2023, Holtec explained that approximately 1.3-to-1.5 million gallons from the radioactive fuel pools, a refueling water storage tank, the reactor cavity, and elsewhere need to be “processed and discharged via its Liquid Waste Processing System.” Holtec intends to begin dumping as early as September. The “processed” wastewater that will be dumped into the river contains tritium (radioactive hydrogen) and possibly other radioactive isotopes.

Tritium is clinically known to cause more harm and death to living cells than gamma rays. Numerous studies show that tritium produces common radiogenic impacts including cancerous tumors, reproductive and genetic effects, and developmental abnormalities. Studies also indicate that smaller doses of tritium can cause more mutations, chromosome damage, and cell death than larger doses. Tritium crosses the placenta and can impact an embryo or fetus.

In Massachusetts, fisheries and neighbors along Cape Cod Bay are pushing back against Holtec’s plans to dump more than 1.1 million gallons of radioactive wastewater into the Bay from Pilgrim. A warning issued by the Environmental Protection Agency states that Holtec’s unauthorized discharge into the Bay would be in violation of the Clean Water Act. Holtec agreed to cooperate with an independent environmental study, but refused U.S. Senator Ed Markey’s demand that they pay for it.

In New York, State Senator Pete Harckham and Assemblywoman Dana Levenberg introduced legislation that makes it unlawful to release any radiological agents into the Hudson River during decommissioning of nuclear reactors, and failure to comply shall result in fines. The “Save the Hudson” bill passed the state senate unanimously, and activists are calling on the Assembly to call a special session to do the same after it initially failed June 10.

Photo Credit: The Cape Cod Times

In early April, U.S. Senators Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand wrote to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission expressing “significant concerns” regarding Holtec’s planned discharge of large amounts of radioactive wastewater from Indian Point. The NRC dismissed their concerns in a letter that states “to date, all releases at Indian Point have been a small fraction of the allowable limits for such releases.”

As of early May, more than two dozen municipal resolutions were adopted in New York, with more pending, to stop Holtec’s dumping plans. On May 6, 2023, the Save the River Rally at Cortlandt Waterfront Park was organized by the town of Cortlandt. Hundreds of local residents, kayakers, environmental activists, and public elected officials participated to demand the dumping be halted. They are calling for keeping the waste contained onsite.

— Arjun Makhijani, Exploring Tritium Dangers: Health and Ecosystem Risks of Internally Incorporated Radionuclides, 2023; Beyond Nuclear report “Leak First, Fix Later,” April 2010.

— For more info., or to get involved, see: Food & Water Watch, www.foodandwaterwatch.org

— Mari Inoue, a lawyer and activist based in New York City, was born and raised in Tokyo, and is co-founder of Manhattan Project for a Nuclear-Free World (mp-nuclear-free.com).

Filed Under: Environment, Newsletter Archives, Nuclear Power, Quarterly Newsletter, Radioactive Waste

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